A városok - olvasztótégelyek? (A [nyelvi] asszimiláció területi vonatkozásai a dualizmus korában - II.)
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Date
2017
Authors
Beluszky, Pál
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Abstract
In the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918), many different peoples (national,
national) lived together in point of their mother tongues, their history, their geographic characteristics, their denominational affiliation, their public status and their political aspirations. This complicated nationality composition and relations characterized the population of Hungary, which forms part of the Monarchy (325.4 thousand km2, 20.88
million inhabitants); in 1910, 45.5% of the country's population was non-Hungarian, with six nationalities (German, Slovakian, Romanian, Serbian, Croatian, Ruthenian) exceeding 470,000, and thousands of Slovanians, Bulgarians, Poles, Italians, Czech
Moravians lived in the country. The Hungarians (Hungarian native speakers! - since the Hungarian statistical service did not keep count of the nationality but the mother language). were in 1890 in a minority and their proportion rose to 54.5% by 1910.
Although state administration was "officially" based on the state-nation approach, in practice, together with the Hungarian vox populi, was worried about the high proportion of non-Hungarians from the country's population and urged the language change of the
ethnic minority population, the "becoming Hungarian", that was going quickly in the country (1880: 46.6% Hungarian mother tongue, 1910: 54.5%). On the one hand, the growing proportion of Hungarians stemmed from the higher than average natural increment and the linguistic assimilation (but to the increase in proportion of Hungarians contributed by the fact that nationalities participated in the emigration beyond their ratio). The study took into account the causes of language assimilation, with special regard to
spatial structure impacts (the geographic, settlement specificities of the residential areas of individual nationalities, the effects of urbanization, etc.).
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Keywords
városok , várostörténet , asszimiláció , dualizmus , városok - Magyarország
Citation
Történeti Földrajzi Közlemények 5: (3-4) pp. 183-204. (2017)