DSpace 7
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Recent Submissions
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Social capital and trust: the ‘fuel’ of local integration of small rural enterprises
(2023) Tomay, Kyra; Hegedüs, Márk
In the present article we examine a sub-segment of the locally integrated social group: rural small entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are especially interesting from the integration point of view since in the current academic discourse, entrepreneurship is considered as a contextual process, in which entrepreneurs depend on local information and resources, and base their activities on the needs of the local environment, therefore, rural entrepreneurs are commonly studied through the concepts of local embeddedness, social capital and trust. The aim of our paper is to contribute to the understanding of the those mechanisms: the impact of trust among entrepreneurs and their social networks resulting the local integration of this rural group. The study based on 25 semi-structured in-depth interviews, focuses on the role of values, attitudes, social capital and trust networks in local economic success in three Hungarian settlements of different size: a small village of 300, a small town of 3,000 and a medium-sized town of 30,000 inhabitants. Our conclusion is that in case of rural small entrepreneurship, community resources (values, attitudes, social capital and trust) are of chief role in the foundation and existence of a local entrepreneurial ecosystem, however, their efforts have to be accompanied by an institutional framework to make them sustainable in the long term.
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Migratory birds: Dehumanization of migrant workers in West Hungary
(2024) Jankó, Ferenc; Czirfusz, Márton; Berki, Márton
The region of West Hungary surrounding Sopron has experienced large migrant worker inflows from rural Hungary and neighbouring countries into low‐skilled jobs in pre‐COVID‐19 years. This research interviewed workers, labour market intermediaries, employers, and hosts to explore how the fundamental humanity of migrant workers is denied in the labour process. The paper draws on geographical research examining the embodied agency of workers and analyses the literature on dehumanization to highlight the construction of dehumanization narratives in the social relations of migrant recruitment, training, employment, and accommodation. Theoretically, the paper argues that production and reproduction sites require consideration when examining the dehumanization of migrant labour. The empirical part of the paper contributes to the literature by unpacking various dehumanization strategies involving social boundary‐making based on nationality, ethnicity, and gender.
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Delays in territorial development – case study of the Hungarian Sand Ridge Region
(2023) Kovács, András Donát; Farkas, Jenő Zsolt; Varjú, Viktor; Szalai, Ádám; Hoyk, Edit; Lennert, József; Csáki, Béla
There are regions in Europe that are particularly vulnerable both environmentally and socially. Hungary's Sand Ridge in the Danube–Tisza Interfluve (Homokhátság in Hungarian) is considered such a region. The water balance of these lowland landscapes has been negative for decades, and complex ecological and social problems have escalated in parallel with aridification. Therefore, this region deserves special attention from the territorial development perspective. Over the last two decades, our successive studies have revealed that development policies in the region have been unsuccessful on multiple occasions, unable to alter the core negative trends significantly. We also noticed the mistakes and inertness of spatial planning when we worked on our current applied research: the Sand Ridge Regional Development Concept and Program. This study aims to explore deficiencies and shortcomings of the spatial policy and identify the factors that have slowed territorial development. Insights from interviews with experts and surveys conducted with local municipalities highlight that access to European Union funds has not alleviated long-standing conflicts. Resource-driven and uniform planning has become one of the main hindering factors. According to the experts, the necessary complex programs have not been implemented, and many initiatives have stalled. They also expressed concerns that Sand Ridge's natural and social endangerment will continue to increase.
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Sustainable urban mobility programs that serve as active travel to school programs in Hungary: The case of Pedibus and Bicibus
(2024) Kézai, Petra Kinga
In the context of modern, sustainable urban development, various socio-technical innovations have proliferated in response to urban challenges, offering well-defined solutions. Since the 1970s, the socalled ‘backseat generation’, a group of children whose parents drive them to school daily, has emerged in developed countries, particularly in urban areas. This phenomenon has many adverse effects on children, the environment, and urban spaces. The present study addresses the issue of urban transport management, in particular, the issue of daily active transport to school. Based on literature analysis, it aims to present good international examples, such as the pedibus and the bicycle bus, which emphasize local values and resources in the light of the ‚slow city’ concept. The study concludes with a presentation and evaluation of the pilot programs (Pedibus in Gödöllő and Bicibus in Pécs) that have been established in Hungary in recent years. These programs provide a supervised, safe, group-based solution for school children and their families to get to school and build community between different generations.